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Battle of Lubieszów
The Battle of Lubieszów (Battle of Lubieszów Lake), occurred on April 17, 1577, was the most important battle in the two-year Danzig Rebellion fought between the forces loyal to the newly elected king Stefan Batory of Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth and the Commonwealth's richest city Danzig (Gdańsk), following the city's refusal to accept the election of Batory as monarch of Commonwealth which had taken place on December 15, 1575. The battle took place to the west of the town of Tczew (Dirschau), southeast of Gdansk on the left bank of the Vistula river, near the Lubieszów Lake (present name Lubiszewo Lake) and modern village of Lubiszewo Tczewskie ((ドイツ語:Lübschau)). While it was not a decisive victory insofar as Gdansk itself was not taken and the war raged on, the city, having lost large number of its wealthy citizenry, did finally to come to terms with the king at the end of the year.
The city's army, led by the mercenary German commander Jan Winkelbruch (Hans Winckelbruch or Winckelburg von Kölln), was about 7,000–12,000 strong (including mercenaries, among them a Scottish regiment which not participate in the battle itself), but with less than 1,000 cavalry. The city's army was utterly defeated by the army of Jan Zborowski (of about 2,000 men, half of them cavalry). The Danzigers, who lost over half of their army to casualties and surrenders, were forced to retreat behind the walls, and thus the Siege of Danzig (1577) began.
==Initial Moves==
The campaign leading up to the battle began in August 1576; Batory marched with 2,000 men to Malbork, east of Tczew in order to isolate Gdańsk from the surrounding countryside. The following January he took the town of Tczew, and successively stormed the rebel defenses at Głowa and Garabina. The last of these was a mere from Gdańsk and its fall to the king cut the city off by land. The king then left the army under command of hetman Jan Zborowski, ordering a blockade to isolate the city by sea as well, with Polish privateers fighting both the Gdańsk and Danish fleets.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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